2018年7月4日星期三

how rubber is made?

Rubber is a kind of high elastic polymer material with reversible deformation. It is elastic at room temperature and can produce large deformation under small external force.Rubber is a completely amorphous polymer with a low vitrified transition temperature (T g) and a high molecular weight of more than hundreds of thousands.
Early rubber was made from rubber latex from plants such as rubber trees and grass, which was made of flexible, insulative, impervious to water and air.High elastic polymer compound.It is divided into natural rubber and synthetic rubber.Natural rubber is made from rubber tree, rubber grass, etc.Synthetic rubber is produced by polymerization of various monomers.Rubber products are widely used in industry and life.


The word rubber comes from the Indian ucau chu, meaning "the weeping tree."Natural rubber is made from rubber latex which flows out of the rubber tree when it is cut by three-leaf rubber tree after solidification and drying.In 1770, the British chemist j. Priestley discovered that rubber could be used to erase pencil marks.The molecular chain of rubber can be crosslinked. When the rubber is deformed by external forces, it has the ability to recover quickly and has good physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability.Rubber is the basic material of the rubber industry and is widely used in the manufacture of tires, rubber pipes, tape, cables and other rubber products.



Natural rubber is made from latex, and some of the non-rubber ingredients in latex are left in solid natural rubber.In general, the rubber hydrocarbon in natural rubber is 92% to 95%, while the non-rubber hydrocarbon accounts for 5% to 8%.Due to different preparation methods, different producing areas and even different season of glue collection, the proportion of these ingredients may be different, but they are basically within the range.
Protein can promote the vulcanization of rubber and delay the aging.On the other hand, protein has strong water absorption, can cause the rubber moisture absorption mildew, the decline of insulation, protein also has the disadvantage of increasing the heat generation.
Acetone extract is senior fatty acids and sterols substances, including some role natural protective agent and accelerator, and can help powder compound in the process of mixing dispersion and raw rubber softening effect.
In the ash mainly containing magnesium phosphate and calcium phosphate salts, have a very small amount of copper, manganese, iron and other metal compounds, because the base metal ions can promote the rubber aging, so their content should be controlled.

Moisture in the dry glue not more than 1%, in the process of machining can be volatile, but when moisture content is too much, not only can make the rubber easy mold storage process, but also affects the rubber processing, such as mixed compound easy cluster;Bubbles are easy to be produced in the process of calendering and pressing, and bubbles or spongy are produced in the process of vulcanizing.